Prior to modern-day Thailand, this area of south-east Asia was governed by local rulers loyal to the Khmer empire of Angkor, centered in modern-day Cambodia (see post on Angkor Wat). As the power of the Khmers began to wane, two Thai generals banded together to expel the Khmers from the central plains, founding the new Kingdom of Sukhothai.
Sukhothai began to decline in the 14th century, as Ayutthaya's power was on the rise. By the late 1300s Sukothai had become a vassal state of Ayutthaya (Siam's second kingdom); in 1438 it relinquished all independence.
A city wall and moat surround the central zone of the park that includes the royal palace and 26 temples.
Wat Sa Si was the first temple we visited. This temple is attractive for its location. Standing in the middle of a reservoir, you reach the ruins via a walking bridge. Important buildings include a bell-shaped chedi (round-like structure containing Buddhist relics, such as ashes) and the ordination hall in the middle of the reservoir which reflects the Buddhist concept utilizing water as a symbol of purity.
The largest and most imposing temple is that of Wat Mathahat, having the spiritual focus of the city and king. Architecturally, it was influenced by Khmer (Cambodian) and Sri Lankan decorative style and Buddhist relics. Two impressive statues of the 39 foot (12 m) standing Buddha, Phra Attharot, exist on both sides of the main chedi or stupa.
Scattered throughout the ruins of Sukhothai are Buddhist statues and altars for current-day visitors to pay homage. Regardless of where you go throughout this park, each ruin provides a glimpse of history and splendor of this country’s history.
